{"code":"AIRA","short_name":"Artificial intelligence for health in the WHO European Region","full_name":"Artificial intelligence for health in the WHO European Region","contact":"","updated_on":"2025-11-13T13:17:05.583","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:15.52","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-13T13:17:05.583","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:08.05","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA","export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA","note":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\">Amid rapid technological change, the health sector in the WHO European Region is witnessing the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI). This transformation offers opportunities to enhance health outcomes, reduce system pressures, and improve care delivery, while also raising critical questions of ethics, governance, responsibility, and safeguards to ensure safe and trustworthy adoption. This dataset &ndash; based on the 2024&ndash;2025 Survey on AI for Health in the WHO European Region &ndash; examines how Member States are navigating this evolving field.<o:p></o:p></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span>AI for health and health systems is a central priority under the European Programme of Work (EPW) 2.0, with a strong focus on developing a roadmap for the ethical, secure, and sustainable use of AI. These efforts align with EPW 2.0&rsquo;s broader digital health agenda, which aims to improve digital health literacy to build public trust, strengthen regional coordination and multisector collaboration, and showcase AI-driven primary care innovations through case studies and peer learning.<o:p></o:p></span></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify; line-height: 115%;\"><span></span><span>The 2024&ndash;2025 Survey on Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare&nbsp;</span>provided an important overview and critical insights which were presented in the &ldquo;<b>Artificial intelligence is reshaping health systems: state of readiness across the WHO European Region</b>&rdquo; report.<o:p></o:p></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;\">Building on the report, this dataset provides country-specific information on the AI for health landscape across 50 Member States in the WHO European Region. It covers seven key thematic areas that capture the essential dimensions of AI readiness and implementation in health systems: 1. Strategic Context, 2. Regulatory Context, 3. Health Data Governance, 4. AI Applications for Health, 5. AI Opportunities for Health, 6. AI Adoption Barriers, and 7. AI Capacity Building. Together, these seven areas encompass 75 indicators, offering a comprehensive and comparable overview of national progress in adopting, governing, and scaling AI for health across the Region.<o:p></o:p></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;\">All Member States were invited to participate in the initiative, through the nomination of national survey coordinators who incorporated input from AI for health experts. A total of 50 WHO Member States completed the survey, representing a 94% response rate.<o:p></o:p></p>\r\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"margin-bottom: 6.0pt; text-align: justify;\">The dataset&nbsp;<b>&ldquo;Artificial Intelligence in the WHO European Region 2025&rdquo;&nbsp;</b>provides researchers, policymakers, and health professionals with insights to track trends, evaluate AI initiatives, and support evidence-based decision-making. It guides strategic planning, resource allocation, and regional collaboration to enhance health outcomes and equity, advancing the vision of the European Programme of Work 2.0.</p>","classification":{"short_name":"AIRA Classification","full_name":"AIRA Classification","code":"X","description":"AIRA Classification","external_reference":"","external_code":"","level":0,"sort_order":24,"url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/categories/X","updated_on":"2025-11-12T14:58:51"},"measures":[{"code":"AIRA_1","short_name":"AI strategy for health","full_name":"National AI strategy, policy, action plan or equivalent for AI in the health sector","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:59.82","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:59.82","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:06.813","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:55.33","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_1","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_1"},{"code":"AIRA_2","short_name":"AI strategy cross-sector","full_name":"National AI strategy, policy, action plan or equivalent for AI across sectors (sector-agnostic)","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.067","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.067","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:06.6","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:55.49","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_2","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_2"},{"code":"AIRA_3","short_name":"Oversight via existing agency","full_name":"Oversight through an existing government agency or body/unit","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.293","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.293","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:06.4","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:55.66","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_3","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_3"},{"code":"AIRA_4","short_name":"Oversight via new agency","full_name":"Oversight through a new government agency or body/unit","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.513","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.513","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:06.17","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:55.813","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_4","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_4"},{"code":"AIRA_5","short_name":"Oversight via advisory board","full_name":"Oversight through an expert advisory council or board","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.703","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.703","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:05.893","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:55.97","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_5","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_5"},{"code":"AIRA_6","short_name":"Oversight via independent body","full_name":"Oversight through a new independent body or entity funded by government","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.913","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:00.913","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:05.683","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.127","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_6","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_6"},{"code":"AIRA_7","short_name":"Oversight via multiple agencies","full_name":"Oversight through multiple agencies or bodies/units with responsibility","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.13","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.13","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:05.47","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.283","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_7","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_7"},{"code":"AIRA_8","short_name":"Legislative measures for AI oversight","full_name":"Legislative measures or provisions for governance and oversight of AI in the health sector","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.327","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.327","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:05.26","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.437","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_8","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_8"},{"code":"AIRA_9","short_name":"Gap assessment in laws","full_name":"Assessment of gaps in existing laws and policies","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.63","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.63","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:05.047","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.597","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_9","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_9"},{"code":"AIRA_10","short_name":"Cross-sector guidance","full_name":"Development of comprehensive cross-sector guidance on existing laws and policies","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.827","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:01.827","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:04.827","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.757","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_10","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_10"},{"code":"AIRA_11","short_name":"Amend existing laws","full_name":"Amendment of existing laws and policies","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.037","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.037","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:04.613","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:56.917","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_11","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_11"},{"code":"AIRA_12","short_name":"New cross-sector AI laws","full_name":"Development of new cross-sector mandatory AI laws and rules","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.227","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.227","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:04.303","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.077","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_12","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_12"},{"code":"AIRA_13","short_name":"Sector-specific AI laws","full_name":"Development of sector-specific mandatory AI laws and rules","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.45","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.45","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:04.07","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.24","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_13","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_13"},{"code":"AIRA_14","short_name":"Sector-specific ethics guidance","full_name":"Development of sector-specific soft law or ethical principles","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.647","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.647","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:03.87","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.39","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_14","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_14"},{"code":"AIRA_15","short_name":"Voluntary industry codes","full_name":"Development of voluntary codes of practice and standards","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.837","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:02.837","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:03.64","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.547","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_15","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_15"},{"code":"AIRA_16","short_name":"Risk-based approach adopted","full_name":"Adoption of a risk-based approach","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.04","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.04","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:03.423","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.733","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_16","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_16"},{"code":"AIRA_17","short_name":"Ethical guidelines for AI","full_name":"Guidelines addressing ethical implications of AI development and use","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.23","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.23","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:03.207","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:57.917","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_17","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_17"},{"code":"AIRA_18","short_name":"Ethics checklists/toolkits","full_name":"Ethics checklists or toolkits for responsible AI development","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.48","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.48","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:03.01","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:58.113","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_18","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_18"},{"code":"AIRA_19","short_name":"Algorithmic impact guidance","full_name":"Practical guidance on algorithmic impact assessment","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.793","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.793","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:02.78","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:58.31","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_19","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_19"},{"code":"AIRA_20","short_name":"Data protection impact guidance","full_name":"Practical guidance on data protection impact assessment","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.98","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:03.98","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:02.43","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:58.48","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_20","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_20"},{"code":"AIRA_21","short_name":"Fundamental rights impact guidance","full_name":"Practical guidance on AI and fundamental rights impact assessment","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.173","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.173","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:02.217","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:58.81","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_21","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_21"},{"code":"AIRA_22","short_name":"Existing liability guidance for AI health","full_name":"Guidance on applying existing liability regimes to AI for health","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.37","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.37","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:02.003","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:59.2","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_22","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_22"},{"code":"AIRA_23","short_name":"New AI health liability regime","full_name":"New liability regime for AI in health","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.59","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.59","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:01.797","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:59.393","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_23","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_23"},{"code":"AIRA_24","short_name":"General AI liability regime","full_name":"New liability regime for AI (non-health specific)","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.83","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:04.83","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:01.593","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:59.65","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_24","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_24"},{"code":"AIRA_25","short_name":"AI approval regulatory agency","full_name":"Regulatory agency responsible for assessing and approving AI systems in healthcare","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.07","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.07","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:01.363","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:59.823","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_25","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_25"},{"code":"AIRA_26","short_name":"Regulator knowledge-sharing","full_name":"Knowledge-sharing mechanisms among regulators","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.253","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.253","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:01.133","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:11:59.993","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_26","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_26"},{"code":"AIRA_27","short_name":"Documentation and record-keeping","full_name":"Documentation and record-keeping across AI product lifecycle","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.51","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.51","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:00.8","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.167","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_27","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_27"},{"code":"AIRA_28","short_name":"Data accountability","full_name":"Data accountability and integrity practices","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.81","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.81","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:00.58","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.333","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_28","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_28"},{"code":"AIRA_29","short_name":"Validation requirements","full_name":"Requirements for scientific explanation and validation","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.997","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:05.997","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:00.373","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.49","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_29","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_29"},{"code":"AIRA_30","short_name":"Risk management and cybersecurity","full_name":"Holistic risk management including cybersecurity","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.253","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.253","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:16:00.12","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.663","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_30","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_30"},{"code":"AIRA_31","short_name":"Post-market monitoring","full_name":"Post-market monitoring and surveillance of AI products","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.44","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.44","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:15:59.803","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.827","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_31","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_31"},{"code":"AIRA_32","short_name":"AI procurement policies","full_name":"Policies for procuring, developing or using AI in healthcare","updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.677","data_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:17:06.677","metadata_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:15:59.59","notes_updated_on":"2025-11-12T15:12:00.997","url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/data_sets/AIRA/AIRA_32","data_mask":0,"export_url":"https://dw.euro.who.int/api/v5/export_data_set/AIRA?measures=AIRA_32"},{"code":"AIRA_33","short_name":"AI auditing policies","full_name":"Policies for auditing and documenting AI 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